China's new loans rise in Q1

With regard to inflation, economists have maintained that the M2 increase has no inevitable connection with inflation.

"China's inflation cannot be explained simply by one reason. There are complicated factors behind inflationary pressures," said Yu Yongding, a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

Situations in other major economies support the argument. For instance, Japan's consumer prices registered a negative growth, with the proportion of money supply in its GDP reaching as much as 238 percent.

Nevertheless, the unexpected M2 surge means accelerated economic restructuring is needed, said Li Daokui, a former advisor to China's central bank, adding that efforts should be made to expand the country's bond and capital markets.

The country should be aware of the fact that its economy is increasingly monetarized, said Liu Yuhui, a financial researcher with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a government think tank.

According to a government work report delivered by former Premier Wen Jiabao on March 5, the central bank expects M2 to expand by just 13 percent this year, compared to forecasts of 16 percent in 2011 and 14 percent in 2012.

Forex purchases up, rising yuan eyed

The M2 surge is related to an increase in Chinese banks' forex purchases, said E Yongjian, financial analyst with the Bank of Communications.

China's central bank and commercial banks saw their yuan funds outstanding for foreign exchange continue to increase amid expectations of a rising yuan as the country's economy gradually recovers.

After buying a record high of 683.7 billion yuan ($109.2 billion) in foreign currencies in January, Chinese financial institutions purchased 295.4 billion yuan in foreign exchange in February, the third straight month of increases, data from the central bank showed.

As of the end of February, Chinese financial institutions' total yuan funds outstanding for foreign exchange amounted to 26.83 trillion yuan.

Analysts attributed the continuing increases to companies' willingness to hold assets in yuan, as its value has trended upward. On Wednesday, the yuan hit a record high against the US dollar.

The phenomenon also suggests increasing capital inflow to China against the backdrop of a gentle recovery in the economy.

"The capital inflow and China's widening trade surplus in the first quarter are the major reasons for the yuan's appreciation pressures," noted Wang Tao, chief economist with UBS Securities.

To mop up excess liquidity resulting from the funds, the People's Bank of China has been draining liquidity via open market operations.

This week, 76 billion yuan was removed from money markets through 28-day repos in the bank's regular open market operations

Considering the 59 billion yuan in central bank repos and bills maturing, it actually withdrew 17 billion yuan from the markets, a softer move from a week earlier, which analysts read as the bank's attempt to keep moderate liquidity to support tepid economic recovery in the context of lower-than-expected inflation data.

The country's consumer price index rose 2.1 percent year-on-year in March, down from a 10-month high of 3.2 percent in February, while the producer price index, which measures wholesale inflation, fell for the 13th consecutive month.

The mild inflation and relatively gentle recovery suggests little possibility of monetary tightening, while ample liquidity in the markets makes policy easing equally unlikely, according to analysts.

"The monetary policies will be set to neutral," said Peng Wensheng, chief economist at the China International Capital Corporation.

The Chinese economy saw its slowest growth in 13 years in 2012, increasing by 7.8 percent, although growth began to show signs of recovery in the fourth quarter of last year.

China is due to release key economic data for the first quarter next week.