由荷兰人开创的全攻全守足球在本届世界杯的赛场上却几乎踪影全无，教练范加尔带领全队打起了防守反击。北京时间明日凌晨对阵阿根廷的半决赛中，不知荷兰会采取什么战术呢？

Total Football is the label given to an influential tactical theory of football in which any outfield player can take over the role of any other player in a team. It was pioneered by Dutch football club Ajax from 1965 to 1973, and further used by the Netherlands National Football Team in the 1974 FIFA World Cup. It was invented by Rinus Michels, who was the coach of both Ajax and the Netherlands national team at the time.

全攻全守足球是一个颇有影响力的足球战术理论，指场上任何队员之间都可以互换位置和角色。这种战术由荷兰足球俱乐部阿贾克斯在1965年到1973年之间首创，之后由荷兰国家足球队在1974年世界杯期间进一步发扬光大。该战术的发明者为里努斯•米歇尔斯，当时的阿贾克斯俱乐部及荷兰国家队主教练。

In Total Football, a player who moves out of his position is replaced by another from his team, thus retaining the team's intended organizational structure. In this fluid system, no outfield player is fixed in a nominal role; anyone can successively play an attacker, a midfielder and a defender. The only player fixed in a nominal position is the goalkeeper.

在全攻全守战术中，离开自己位置的球员会立即被另一名队员补齐，以保证队伍既定的场上组织结构。在这种流动的体系中，场上队员并没有一个常规固定的位置，任何人都能胜任前锋、中场以及后卫的职责。守门员是场上唯一一位有固定位置的球员。

Total Football's tactical success depends largely on the adaptability of each footballer within the team, in particular the ability to quickly switch positions depending on the on-field situation. The theory requires players to be comfortable in multiple positions; hence, it places high technical and physical demands on them.

全攻全守战术的成功很大程度上取决于每位队员的适应能力，尤其是根据场上形势迅速调换位置的能力。这种理论要求队员在多个位置都能应付自如，因此对队员的技术和体能要求都很高。

（中国日报网英语点津 helen )