巴西世界杯半决赛，阿根廷对阵荷兰是通过点球大战（penalty shootout）决出胜负的。足球比赛中，如果有队员犯规，裁判会根据具体情况对其进行口头警告或作出任意球或出示黄牌、红牌等不同级别的判罚，这些判罚统称为penalty。今天，我们就来说说球场上跟penalty有关的表达。

Penalty area 禁区（罚球区）

The big rectangular area at the end of each field where a goalkeeper can handle the ball legally, it measures 18 by 44 yards; also called the penalty box, 18-yard box, or box.

球场两端的大长方形区域，是守门员控球的区域，大小为18*44码，也叫做penalty box，18-yard box或box。

Penalty kick 点球

A kick awarded to a team if any of its players is fouled inside the opposing team’s penalty area.

在对方禁区内被犯规的球员就会获得点球。

Penalty shootouts 点球大战

A method of deciding a winner in a football match if the scores are still even after overtime; each member of both teams take turns at attempting to score a penalty shot.

加时赛之后双方仍为平局时决出胜负的一种方式，双方轮流罚点球。

Penalty spot 罚球点

The bold circle in front of the goal where the ball is placed during penalty kicks: it is 12 yards from the goal line.

罚点球时指定在球门前球应该摆放的位置，也就是距离球门线12码的地方。

Penalty arc 罚球弧

The half-circle at the top of the penalty area, and marks out the 10-yard distance players must maintain from penalty spot when a penalty kick is being taken.

禁区前端的半圆区域，标出了罚点球时其他队员必须站在距离罚球点10码以外的地方。

Penalty taker 罚点球者

The player assigned to take the penalty kick; this task is often relegated to the captain.

被指定罚点球的队员，指定罚点球的队员一般是队长的职责。

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）