My comments:
Literally, coin of the realm is the legal money of a particular country. The British, some of them that is, used to refer to the United Kingdom as The Realm.
Figuratively speaking, if something is described as “coin of the realm”, then it is highly valued – as if it were money in a particular realm (area, sphere).
In the above example, hard economic times in the 1970s led businesses to paying more attention to cost, hence the idea cost efficiency began to gain currency, i.e. to be more and more accepted.
In fact, it became “the coin of the realm”, or in other words the order of the day.
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About the author:
Zhang Xin(张欣) has been with China Daily since 1988, when he graduated from Beijing Foreign Studies University. Write him at: zhangxin@chinadaily.com.cn, or raise a question for potential use in a future column.