I just got a new puppy to keep my 6-year-old dog company. My older dog has terrible teeth and gums. What can I do to keep my dogs' teeth healthy?

As soon as a puppy or kitten's teeth emerge, it's time to start brushing. Although baby teeth are replaced with adult teeth, the animal will get used to the procedure, which continues for life. Why is this important? Beyond the bad breath caused by rotting teeth and gums, infections caused by dental problems can shorten your pet's life. Bad teeth can also leave your pet in constant pain. Unless your pet's teeth are brushed daily, plaque, which is an accumulation of bacteria, will build up on the gum line. Eventually calculus forms, further irritating the gums (gingivitis), and then infection progresses to loosen and destroy the attachment of the tooth (periodontal disease). In addition to loose teeth, infections can also spread to the liver, kidneys and heart. Approach the task of brushing your pet's teeth with a positive attitude; take it slow and easy, and then follow with something the pet likes - a play session or a food treat. There are also gels available that can be applied to teeth to keep them clean. However, don't use human toothpaste as animals can't rinse and spit.

My cat fights me every time I try to trim her toenails. How can I do this without stressing out my cat and myself?

The key to approaching this challenge is to strike while the fire is hot - when your sharp-clawed friend is taking a catnap. When your cat is sleeping or falling asleep, she'll be less apt to be frisky during a pedicure. It takes some stealth, but gently grab one of her feet and quietly and quickly clip one nail at a time. Don't be too greedy. Just do as much as she'll tolerate without getting stressed. If your cat gets upset, you may have lost all future opportunities. It's better to do it slowly and safely. If your cat is protesting the above, another option is to make her into a "kitty burrito". This requires two people using a large, cozy towel to gently wrap her up, leaving one leg exposed. One holds her while the other trims away. Be careful for her safety and yours. Kitty claws and teeth leave some marks.

Need advice from METRO's pet expert? E-mail your questions to metrobeijing@chinadaily.com.cn. Answers supplied by the International Center for Veterinary Services in Chaoyang district, 8456-1939, icvsasia.com.

(China Daily 06/07/2011)